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Abraham Lincoln, Allen Guelzo, American history, biographies, Carl Sandburg, Doris Kearns Goodwin, Eric Foner, James McPherson, Michael Burlingame, presidential biographies, Pulitzer Prize, Stephen Oates
My journey through the best presidential biographies has now consumed 60 weeks, 64 biographies, 15 presidents and nearly 28,000 pages of text. And I have finally arrived at the presidential promised land!
By nearly any measure, Abraham Lincoln ranks as one of our two greatest presidents. I’ll let you decide whether you prefer Lincoln or FDR for the top spot. But one thing is certain: Lincoln served his country like no other president before, or since.
Choosing which of the countless biographies of Lincoln to read was a difficult task. By one account there are over 10,000 books in print on this president. But only a fraction of them are considered to be among the “best” presidential biographies of Lincoln.
Over the past two years I’ve spent a disproportionate amount of time researching the available choices and gathering every kernel of wisdom I could find to assist in the selection. As a result of this effort I’ve assembled a collection of some of the best biographies of Abraham Lincoln published over the last one hundred or so years.
I’ve undoubtedly left many fine (and a few famous) books on Lincoln behind – some quite dated and others newer and more trendy. But I’m already committed to reading ten biographies of Lincoln totaling nearly 7,000 pages. That’s at least three months of every spare moment I am likely to have.
Also challenging is deciding in what order to proceed. Should I start with the Lincoln biography many believe to be the greatest of them all: David Herbert Donald’s “Lincoln”? Or should I begin with The Book I’ve been waiting to read for years: Goodwin’s “Team of Rivals”? Why not proceed chronologically?
My strategy is to begin with the biographies that have, at some point, been widely considered the “definitive” Lincoln biography. With flexibility around that standard, there are six biographies in my collection which seem to qualify. I plan to read these in chronological order starting with the most recent. (The exception: I’m actually beginning with a 2008 multi-volume biography which seems the most comprehensive Lincoln biography ever published…then I’ll read a 2009 biography and work my way back to a Depression-era Pulitzer Prize winning series).
Finishing the “definitive” biographies of Lincoln, I’ll move to the other four (one of which has been more widely-read than perhaps any other Lincoln book in history). These final four biographies aren’t seeking to be the “go to” sources of wisdom on Lincoln. Instead, each seems to have identified a particular niche to address.
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1. I’m beginning with perhaps the most audacious literary effort ever on Lincoln: Michael Burlingame’s two-volume behemoth “Abraham Lincoln: A Life” published in 2008. Burlingame is a well-known Lincoln scholar whose mentor was no less than David Herbert Donald. Many believe he knows more about Lincoln than does any other living human; his work aspires to be not less than the definitive Lincoln biography of our day. As published, this nearly 2,000 page tome is about half the size of its original, uncondensed version (which boasts a far more extensive collection of footnotes and is available online!)
2. Next will be Ronald C. White Jr.’s 2009 biography “A. Lincoln: A Biography.” White is the author of two bestselling books on Lincoln and has written what many consider the best single-volume biography of Lincoln since David Herbert Donald’s Lincoln biography was published nearly fifteen years earlier.
3. My third biography may be the best (and most fun) of them all: David Herbert Donald’s “Lincoln” published in 1995. Until his death in 2009, Donald was one of the most distinguished historians of our time. He was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for his biographies of Charles Sumner and Thomas Wolfe (but not Lincoln!) This biography is almost universally considered the best one-volume biography of Lincoln ever published. I really hope it’s that good.
4. Stephen Oates is the author of the infamous 1977 biography “With Malice Toward None: The Life of Abraham Lincoln.” Many believe this book replaced Benjamin Thomas’s older work as the standard Lincoln biography of its day (a view apparently supported by David Herbert Donald). It also seems to be one of the few memorable Lincoln biographies to appear in the half-century following Carl Sandburg’s effort (#6 below). In the early 1990s, Oates was hounded by charges that portions of this book were plagiarized. The tempest seems to have abated after his vigorous defense and the passage of time.
5. The fifth biography I’m reading is Benjamin Thomas’s 1952 “Abraham Lincoln: A Biography.” This was considered one of the “one or two” best treatments of Lincoln until Donald’s biography was published in 1995. Ironically, the “other” best treatment during this period was Oates’s 1977 work. This biography by Thomas was the alleged source of some of Oates’s handiwork. (I take no view on this at the moment as I’ve read neither biography – but I can’t wait to see what the fuss is about.)
6. The last of the “definitive” biographies of Lincoln I’m reading is Carl Sandburg’s long-famed multi-volume “Abraham Lincoln: The Prairie Years and The War Years.” This was originally published as the two-volume “Abraham Lincoln: The Prairie Years” in 1926 followed in 1939 by the four-volume Pulitzer Prize-winning “Abraham Lincoln: The War Years.” I currently own a three-volume abridgment of the entire effort, but am working feverishly to obtain the original six volumes. His work on Lincoln was considered at the time “the greatest historical biography of our generation.” Sandburg, of course, is best known for his poetry – for which he received two Pulitzer Prizes.
7. Pulitzer Prize-winning author Doris Kearns Goodwin’s “Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln” almost needs no introduction. Published in 2005, this may be the most widely read Lincoln biography of all time. It received the 2006 Lincoln Prize and helped inspire the screenplay behind 2012’s award-winning movie “Lincoln” (which, of course, I’ve not yet seen). “Team of Rivals” is apparently one of our current president’s favorite books.
This is also The Book that inspired my Journey Through the Best Presidential Biographies. I began reading “Team of Rivals” in mid-2012 and quickly decided it was so good that I had to find some way to determine which other presidential biographies were equally great. Failing at that task, I decided I’d simply have to read them all…
So with great reluctance, having allowed myself just one chapter, I set this book aside in order to systematically read every presidential biography on my bookshelf in order, beginning with George Washington.
8. Eric Foner is the author of “The Fiery Trial: Abraham Lincoln and American Slavery.” Published in 2010, this book was awarded a Pulitzer Prize in History as well as the 2011 Lincoln Prize. Foner is a prolific author and well-known historian; many consider this the single best study of Abraham Lincoln and his approach to dealing with American’s slavery crisis.
9. Next will be James McPherson’s “Tried by War: Abraham Lincoln as Commander in Chief.” McPherson is better known for his Pulitzer Prize winning “Battle Cry of Freedom” which is probably the definitive one-volume history of the US Civil War. “Tried by War” was co-winner of the 2009 Lincoln Prize and promises to provide unique insight into Lincoln’s role as commander-in-chief, and in winning the Civil War.
10. Last, but probably not least, is Allen Guelzo’s 1999 “Abraham Lincoln: Redeemer President.” In this “intellectual biography” Guelzo follows the evolution of Lincoln’s moral and religious beliefs and explores how he applied those beliefs to the challenges he faced as president. A 2000 co-winner of the Lincoln Prize, this book provides a unique perspective on Lincoln. But the author also seems uniquely qualified for such a task: in addition to earning graduate degrees in history, he holds a degree in Biblical Studies and a Master of Divinity.
This should be an interesting ride – stay tuned!
I’ve several of these books on Lincoln already! I was wondering which ones you would put on your Lincoln List!
If you’ve read anything not on my list that shocks you to the core…let me know. I have a running list of biographies on the first 15 presidents for my second sweep through (when I try to go back and read what I inexplicably missed the first pass).
Definitely read James L. Swanson’s ‘Manhunt’ and I enjoyed Edward Steer’s Jr.’s ‘Blood on the Moon’ for books about the Lincoln Assassination and hunting down Booth. I read Bill O’Reilly’s ‘Killing Lincoln’ as well, but while Bill’s book reads more like a novel, it is not nearly as informative as the first 2 I listed. And I decided after reading Killing Lincoln that I would not waste my time on Killing Kennedy or Killing Jesus. The people of Springfield, IL were surprised that Bill O’Reilly never set foot in Springfield to do any research for his Killing Lincoln book. And with the Lincoln Library being there, they probably have the biggest archived collection of Lincoln anywhere.
I am also reading Recollections of Abraham Lincoln by his friend and bodyguard, Ward Hill Lamon. I have it on my nook and iPad and it is in public domain. It is rather interesting. I have also read Elizabeth Keckley’s book about Mary Lincoln and her relationship with the Lincoln’s as Mary’s dressmaker. Also very interesting. She goes into some detail about what happened to Mrs. Lincoln and Tad after the assassination. Mrs. Keckley’s book may also be in public domain.
Finally 🙂
BTW I still have along way to go on the Washington biography. But would like to tackle Lincoln after that.
I sort of have an unfair advantage over most people in getting through these books: hours sitting on international flights with little else to do, and hours each week waiting as my kids wear themselves out at year-round swim practice. But I can’t wait to hear how you feel about the Washington book when you’re done-
That explains it! I always wondered how you are able to race through so many biographies so quickly 🙂
I am interested to know what you think of Burlingame’s book. While in Springfield, IL 2 summers ago, I asked around to get opinions on the best Lincoln biography and I was told it was Burlingame’s 2 volume set. I still don’t have it, but I will one day. I have read Team of Rivals and enjoyed it and I am reading a little at a time, Carl Sandburg’s condensed book you have listed. Do you ever plan to go back and read any that focus mainly on Lincoln’s assassination? If so, I recommend James Swanson’s books well over and above Bill O’Reilly’s book.
A local history professor (who I didn’t previously know) recently spied me reading a Fillmore bio and couldn’t resist walking over and asking me what on earth I was doing (no one reads that for fun apparently and I’m too old to be in school). I described my project and she confessed to teaching history…and recommended a couple of assassination-focused books. I’ll read them as part of a second sweep through the presidents, but it’s an interesting topic for me since Booth’s escape from DC took him very near where I live (it’s also where he was captured).
Can you visit that area now? (Where Booth was captured?)
Becky, you can certainly visit the spot where a historical marker stands in remembrance of Booth’s capture (and death) but I think the house itself where Booth was cornered is no longer standing. I believe the site of the house is now in the median of a US highway(!) The birthplace of James Madison, ironically, is now a B&B in Port Royal, VA and is near where Booth was captured/killed – it is also where the detachment of soldiers chasing Booth stayed for awhile before making the last dash to where Booth was hiding.
I think you can watch the CSPAN First Ladies series online. They have already aired all of the episodes and I will have quite a few I need to watch that I missed when they aired. In reading about the Presidents, I also want to know what kind of person they were along with their accomplishments. And I am finding that reading about their First Ladies is giving me a more unique insight into the type of persons that our Presidents were. Looking forward to seeing what you say about the Lincoln books you have picked. I have done more reading on Lincoln than all the rest of the Presidents put together.
I tend to read two biographies per president. One from The American Presidents Series and one that is more comprehensive. I think for Lincoln I will read three. One from TAPS and numbers 3 and 7 from your list. I bought my brother the Steven Spielberg movie Lincoln this past Christmas and want to wait to see it until after reading Goodwin’s book. Enjoy your reading!
If I could only read two Lincoln bios, I think you’ve successfully identified which they would be! I’ve always wondered how well the TAPS books would cover someone like Lincoln, and what kind of author would be tempted to write such a book about someone who would seem to deserve something 4x longer. Please let me know what you think if/when you get around to McGovern’s “Lincoln.” I do think I need to watch Spielberg’s movie right after I read book #7(!)
I have read Team of Rivals and watched the Spielberg Lincoln movie. When they say that the book inspired the movie, they mean very, very loosely inspired. I could probably pick about 4 pages from the entire book that were included in the movie. The overall idea of the book is what inspired the movie. So don’t be disappointed when comparing the two.
Hmmm. Good to know! Thank you.
Agreed.
I read Team of Rivals a couple of years back. It is excellent! Can’t wait to hear what you think!
I really can’t wait to read it 🙂 !
Do you think on your second run-through you’ll include presidential memoirs?
Yes, in fact I’m considering adding a few from the presidents I’ve not yet gotten to. If you have any you really liked, let me know. I think I have one or two on my list already, but I’m definitely not opposed to adding more. I’ll probably them last (I will likely read an Eisenhower memoir after I’ve read all the true biographies) but think they’ll add an interesting perspective.
The only one I’ve actually read is Clinton’s, and it’s really interesting, if a little too long. I also have the second Bush’s, but I haven’t read it yet. It would probably be useful to read it, though, especially since there haven’t been many books published yet that look at his presidency as a whole.
I’ve decided to read at least one book on the First Ladies as I go through Presidents. So I have read ‘1776’, not necessarily just about Washington, then I read ‘His Excellency’, ‘Mt. Vernon Love Story’ and am about to start ‘Martha Washington An American Life’ by Patricia Brady. I was most interested in the First Ladies tv series that CSPAN just finished. That’s when I realized that reading about the First Ladies would be interesting and give me more insight into the Presidents & First Ladies and couples.
Someone (I can’t remember who, specifically) has a website devoted to the First Ladies and I enjoy reading the updates as they’re published. I found Abigail Adams particularly fascinating while I was reading about John Adams but I was surprised and disappointed that Dolley Madison wasn’t more prominently features/described in the Madison biographies. I’ll have to keep my eye out for the CSPAN series!
So many of the biographers leave out the First Ladies almost completely, or just include the bare minimum. I’m finding the First Ladies in some cases to be just as fascinating or maybe even more fascinating than the Presidents themselves.
I noticed you hadn’t posted in a while and came here to ask what’s up. Turns out I hadn’t really noticed how long that first book or pair of books was. That’s a massive book. How is it coming?
1,200 pages conquered with about 400 remaining. Pretty interesting though a little dense. With any luck and one or two delayed flights, I’ll be done this weekend…!
I am just finishing Buchanan’s bio by Jean Baker and am moving on to Lincoln. It seems I will have to read 2 bios of him. I am choosing the David Herbert Donald bio and Team of Rivals.
By the way, the Smithsonian Associates regularly runs a tour that traces Booth’s footsteps on the day he assassinated Lincoln up until he died. Ed Bearss led the tour when I took it. I am not sure if he is still doing these as he is now 94 so someone else may be leading it now.
Lincoln is definitely worth two biographies and I think you chose well! Thanks for the historical insight re: Booth’s last hours – I’ll have to look into it since I live not far from where he met his demise (in Port Royal, VA).
Thanks for doing some much work on your summaries and book reviews. They are extremely helpful.
I am about six months behind on my presidential reading schedule. Should have started Lincoln on January 1. Got a bit behind schedule due to current events as half the country seems to think we just go rid of James Buchanan and half thinks he just took office. 😉